Interactive Intelligent Systems and Haptic Interfaces

Haptics, which involve human touch sensing and tactile feedback, play a crucial role in the physical interactions of humans with their environment. Touch constitutes most intuitive natural way for to interact digital world, human–machine interfaces (HMIs) are at core these interactions. Over past decade, advances HMIs have revolutionised areas such as robotics, healthcare, assistive technologies, autonomous vehicles, augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR). More so, remarkable progress related underpinning technologies 5G/6G communication, internet things, internet, neurocomputing machine learning provides clear prospect towards realisation envisioned smart society. As efforts continue rise, more intelligent systems various methods interaction will also evolve. Apart from conventional interaction, now able 2D objects displayed 3D via mid-air displays. In addition different perception modalities humans, feedback plays significant an efficient bidirectional environment enriches user experience. Today, can provide both been explored. Overall, quality experience while interacting systems, largely depends on nature HMI use, ability easy understand information. years, wearable non-wearable significantly evolved effectively adapted use those human-robot human-in vehicle technology, VR/AR. One several challenges issues bulky size, lack intuitiveness, high control precision, especially monitoring motions or transmitting complex commands. However, novel gradually revolutionizing our life by integrating flexible sensors onto body accurate detection command through body. burgeoning field material sciences has increasingly enabled fabrication stretchable even implantable devices sense stimulate activities during scenarios. With this, future be interactive. To develop highly interactive system, it is advantageous encouraged consider existing sensors, materials, computational techniques, soft actuators well haptic suitable realization systems. showcase recent this rapidly growing field, we organised special issue Advanced Intelligent Systems focusing “Interactive Haptic Interfaces”. It covers HMIs, actuators, applications flexible/wearable electronics. The following paragraphs, summarizes key contributions issue. Christou et al. (article number 2000126) realised surface using frustrated total internal reflection four-sided pyramidal pseudo-holographic projection. This display allows gesture-based smooth facile inexpensive hardware open-source software tools. another work, 2100090) presented air-based device, named “Aerohaptics”, capability deliver within custom-made display. provided device controllable intensity capable being directed specific location hand virtual object. reported quite simple cost-effective does not require any peripheral. Buhl 2100037), technique customising visual organic light emitting diodes. opportunities transparent application clothing, windows etc. interaction. achieve authors utilized polymer coating customize capabilities OLED substrate. potential enable adjustment optical characteristic without altering spectral emission characteristics. Shuo (2100074), comprehensive review fundamentals, insights, working mechanisms sensing, applications. Recently, gesture recognition attracted huge interest, approach human-machine strain sensor explored means measuring finger motion recognition. Si 2100046) timely detailed structures, operation While work focuses specifically in-depth recognition, Ozioko 2100091) gloves communication rehabilitation, including where considering that finding into lives, glove-based considerable interest years. These worn hand, one ways interact. paper discussed possibility prospects tapping multi-functional electronic skin (e-skin) richer Further, actuation sensorial augmentation non-disabled were discussed. Marius al., (2100045), framework designing evaluating low-dimensional space. increasing becoming attractive due conformal nature. Karipoth 2100092), bio-inspired inchworm earthworm like robot intrinsic capability. advantage adding robots (with stretchability up 900%), could adopted measure movements Additionally, Chen 2100075) low-voltage interfaces. Low-voltage electrical presents advantages good safety, low power consumption, small system size. three typical classes namely electrochemical, electrothermal, other advantages, principle, configuration/design, materials selection, solutions presented. Another Ankit 2100061) actuator electrically driven summarises advancement actuators. further analysis strategies improving electromechanical performance material, approaches synthesizing concluded reflecting Armleder 2100047), architecture support deployment large-scale human–robot collaboration scenario. showed how whole-body extend dynamic providing information about multiple contacts across robot's surface. From obtained results, concludes multi-modal enables robust force still simultaneously responding user's Taisuke his (2100038), solution tradeoff bipedal walking control. human–computer there human–vehicle (HVI) takes place inside vehicle. owing vehicles. present Murali 2100122) in-vehicle technologies. article systematically summarized used developed perceive intentions inherent challenges, solutions, research direction area. We hope Interactive Interfaces bring knowledge, insight, inspiration readers. look forward rapid growth massive developmental lead us right Finally, appreciate all valuable contributions, very thankful editorial team opportunity organize Oliver currently lecturer Electrical Electronic Engineering University Derby. He PhD Glasgow he worked postdoctoral researcher Bendable Sensing Technologies (BEST). His current includes skin, printed self-powered portable Arokia Nathan Bye-Fellow Tutor Darwin College, Cambridge. leading pioneer development thin-film transistor electronics, display, over 600 publications, four books, than 110 patents spin-off companies. recipient 2020 IEEE EDS J. Ebers Award. Fellow IEEE. Ravinder Dahiya Professor Electronics Nanoengineering Glasgow, U.K. leader (BEST) group. authored 400 articles, 8 15 submitted/granted disclosures. President Sensors Council Founding Editor-in-Chief Journal Flexible (J-FLEX). received awards, 11 best awards author/co-author International Conferences Journals.